The Paris Agreement is an international treaty adopted in December 2015 during the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris, France. The key points of the agreement include:
- Global
Temperature Goal: The agreement aims to limit global warming to well
below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, with efforts to limit
the increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
- Nationally
Determined Contributions (NDCs): Each country must submit their own
plans for climate action, known as NDCs, which outline their efforts to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change. These plans
are to be updated every five years with increasingly ambitious targets.
- Financial
Support: Developed countries are to provide financial assistance to
developing countries to help them reduce emissions and adapt to the
impacts of climate change. This includes a commitment to mobilize $100
billion per year by 2020, with continued funding through 2025.
- Transparency
and Accountability: The agreement establishes a framework for
transparency and accountability, requiring countries to regularly report
on their emissions and progress in implementing their NDCs. There is also
a mechanism for reviewing these reports and ensuring compliance.
- Adaptation
and Resilience: The agreement emphasizes the importance of adaptation,
encouraging countries to enhance their adaptive capacity, strengthen
resilience, and reduce vulnerability to climate change.
- Global
Stocktake: Every five years, there will be a global stocktake to
assess collective progress towards achieving the long-term goals of the
agreement. This will inform the updating and enhancing of individual NDCs.
- Capacity
Building: The agreement recognizes the need to support capacity
building in developing countries, ensuring they have the tools and
knowledge necessary to meet their climate goals.
The Paris Agreement represents a significant global effort
to address climate change, requiring cooperation and action from all nations to
mitigate the impacts of climate change and transition to a sustainable,
low-carbon future.
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